Smoke producer



June 12, 1923. 7 1,458.1l831 J. H. HAMMOND, JR

SMOKE PRODUCER Original Filed Oct. 1'7 1911 2 Sheecs5heet 1 fighz GAZzEENE WIT/V588:

HIS ATTORNEY June 112, 1923. 1,458,181 I J. H.- HAMMOND, JR

SMOKE PRODUCER Original Filed Oct. 17. 1917 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 GASOLENE IIIH EIVTOR Hi5 A 770mm Patented June 1a, was.

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Application filed Gctober 17, 1917, Serial No. 137,125. Renewed October 1921. Serial No. 510,283.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that 1, JOHN HAYS HAM- MOND, Jr., a citizen of the United States, residing in Gloucester, in the county of Essex and State of Massachusetts, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Smoke Producers, of which the following is a specification;

Some of the objects of this invention are to provide in a smoke producer improved means controlled from a distance for varying the amount of air admitted to the producer to vary the amount of smoke produced; to provide in a smoke producer improved means for controlling the draft of the producer to va the amount of smoke delivered; to provi e in a smoke producer improved means controlled from a distance for mixing chemicals or materials in such a manner as to produce quickly a dense volume of smoke; and to provide other improvements as will appear hereinafter.

In the accompanying drawings, Fig. 1 is a diagrammatic side elevation partly in vertical section of a smoke producer constructed in accordance with this invention and arranged to be controlled in response to electroradiant energy; Fig. 2 is an enlarged fragmentary side elevation of a detail of the same; and Figs. 3 and 4 are vertical sections of two modified forms respectively of this invention.

Referring to the drawings, and 'particularly to Fig. 1, one embodiment of this invention comprises a smoke producer which includes a hollow, stationary combustion chamber 10 which is constructed to hold in the lower portion thereof smoke producing material 11. The chamber 10 is provided at one end with a chimney or outlet 1200mmunicating therewith and is provided at its other end with a gasolene burner 13 which projects inwardly and downwardly through the end wall of the chamber and which is arranged to be supplied with gasolene or other liquid fuel through a pipe 15 leading from a tank 16, the pipe 15 being controlled by a valve 17. For admitting air into the combustion chamber 10 and for controlling the flow of the air admitted, the combustion chamber 10 is provided with a circular opening 20 which is partly closed by a plurality of flat, triangular, fixed plates 21 which radiate from the center of the opening 20. Within the chamber 10 and arranged to control the openings between the plates 21 is a flat, circular damper 25 which is provided with a the circular opening 20 through the wall of the chamber 10, and the damper 25 is so arranged that by rotating the shaft 30 through a variable are, the effective areas of the triangular openings through the chamber 10 may be correspondingly varied. A segmental gear 31 is loosely mounted upon one end of the horizontal shaft'30 at a-point outside of the chamber 10 and is engaged by a vertical rack 32 the lower end of which engages loosely in and forms a core for a fixed solenoid 33. A spiral spring 35 surrounds the lower portion of the rack 32 and is arranged between the upper end of the solenoid 33 and a collar 36 which surrounds and is adjustably secured to the rack 33 by means of a set-screw 37 the collar 36 being adjustable longitudinally of the rack 32 and normally held in such a position with respect to the rack 32 as to cause the spring 35 to hold the rack 32 norma-ly in its outermost position. Rigidy secured to the shaft 30 is a ratchet 39 which is engaged by a pawl 27 pivotally secured to the gear 31 and held yieldingly in an operative position by a spring 38. The ratchet 39 is provided with four teeth and is so arranged that when the ratchet is in an initial position of rotation, the damper 25 will be open to a maximum extent. When the ratchet 39 is rotated in a clockwise direction from its initial position, as viewed in Fig.

'2 through one step or 90 the damper will be partially closed, and when the ratchet 39 is rotated through a second step of 90 from its initial position the damper 25 will be again fully opened. 'During any number of succeeding steps the damper will be alternately fully opened and partially closed.

For energizing the solenoid. 33 to rotate the damper 20 through a predetermined are, one end of the solenoid 33 is connected by a conductor 40 to a fixed contact 41, and the other end of the winding of the solenoid 33 is connected by a conductor 42 to one ole of a battery 43 the other pole of whic is -gitudinal axis and containing the center of connected by a conductor 44-to a switch 45 which is arranged to swing about a fixed axis on a pivot 46 into and out of engagement with the contact 41, and is normally held out of engagement with the contact 41 by means of a spiral spring 47; v I

The switch 45 is controlled by a fixed electromagnet 48 which is in a circuit 49 wh1ch includes a battery 50 and which is controlled by a detector 51 of any well known or suitable construction. The detector 51 is arranged to be controlled by a closed oscillatory circuit which includes a coil 52 and a variable condenser 53, this closed circuit beltd ing tuned to a given secondary frequency. The coil 52 forms the secondary of a transformer 54 which includes a primary coil 55 which is in a circuit 56 which includes a battery 57 and which is controlled by a detector 60 of any well known or suitable construction: The detector 60 is arranged to be controlled by a closed oscillatory circuit including a coil 61 and a variable condenser 62, and the coil 61 terms the secondary of a transformer 63 which includes a primary .64 one end of which is connected by a conductor 65 to a suitable ground 66 and the other end of which is connected to the lower end of an antenna 70 which is arranged to receive electroradiant oscillations from a distant station. The closed oscillatory circuitfil, .62 which is immediatel controlled by the open aerial circuit inclu ing the antenna 70 is preferably tuned to, respond to the natural frequency of oscillation of the open aerial circuit including the antenna 70, and the secondary fre uency to which the corresponding close oscillatory circuit 52, 53 is tuned is less than the natural frequency of oscillation of the open aerial circuit which includes the antenna 70.

In the operation of. the form of this in-' vention shown in Fig. 1 the gasolene burner l3 is kept burning continually with its flame directed downwardly upon the, smoke progiven an initial adjustment as hereinbefore described which will permit a suflicient amount of air to enter the combustion chan1- her to cause in combination with the burner 13 a" gradual and substantially cgmplete combustion of the smoke producing material 11. When now it is desired to have smoke produced in the chamber 10 and delivered in large quantities through the chimney 12, an impulse of radiant energy having the desired high frequency and ondary frequency impressed thereon is transmitted from the distant station and causes the electromagnet 48 to be energized as the result of the conjoint and successive actions of the two detectors 60 and 51, and this closes the circuit through the battery 43 and solenoid 33 and thus draws the rack 32 downwardly into its lowermost position to ducing material 11, and the damper 25 is the desired sec naeaiei rotate and to partly close the damper 25 accordingly to such an extent that the air which will be permitted to flow through the damper inwardly and to the combustion chamber 10 will not be s-ufiicient for the as that shown in Fig.1, and hereinbefore described, except that instead of having the combustion chamber 10 provided with a damper 25 for controlling the inlet of air, a flat, circular damper is arranged in the chimney 12 and extends normally transversely thereof in such a manner as to almost but not entirely prevent the flow of the products of combustion therethrough from the combustion chamber 10. The damper 75 is rigidly secured to a horizontal shaft 7 6 which is arranged to rotate about a fixed axis coincident with its longitudinal axis and which is arranged to be segmental gear 77 rigidly secured to one end otthe shaft 76 and arranged outside of the chimney to be engaged by a vertical rack 32 arranged to be operated as hereinbefore described by the solenoid 33 controlled in response to electroradiant ener In the operation of the modified form of this invention shown in Fig. 3 the arrangement is such that the damper 75 is normally in a substantially closed position which preyents any appreciable amount of smoke bemg dehvered through the chimney 12, but when the electro-magnet 32 is energized in response to radiant energy as heretofore described the rack 32 is drawn downwardly and thus the damper 75 is rotated through to permit the smoke to pass freely upwardly through the chimney 12. v I

In the form of this invention shown in Fig. 4 the onstruction is the same as that shown in 1, except that instead of havmg dampers provided. a ladle or container 1001s arranged within the combustion chamber 10 above the smoke producing material 11 and is fixed upon a horizontal shaft 101 .Which' is arranged to rotate about a fixed axis coincident with its lo 'tudinal axis.

A segmental gear 102 is rigidly secured to a the shaft 101 and is arranged outside of the combustion chamber 10 to be engaged'by a vertical rack 32 which is arranged to be con trolled by an electro-magnet 33 controlled by radiant energy as hereinbefore described.

In the operation of the modified form of wearer this invention shown in Fig. 4 the chamber 10 is partly filled with a suitable chemical or material 105, for instance with iodine or any other suit-able material, and the ladle 100 is filled or partly filled with a chemical or mixture of materials 106, for instance with phosphorous or any other suitable ma terial or materials which, when mixed with the material 105 in the combustion chamber, will quickly produce a dense volume of smoke. Normally the ladle 100 is held in an upright position, and when it is desired to produce smoke, the solenoid 33 is energized in response to electroradiant energy as hereinbefore described and this causes the rack 32 to be drawn downwardly to rotate the ladle or receptacle 100 through an arc of about 180 to empty the contents of the ladle 100 upon the material 105 contained in the lower portion of the chamber 10, whereupon the contents of the ladle'lOO will unite with the material 105 to produce quickly large volumes of smoke which will be discharged through the chimney 12.

Having thus fully described this invention, I claim:

1. In a smoke producer, the combination with a combustion chamber provided with an opening, of means responsive to radiant energy for controlling the effective area of said opening.

2. In a smok producer, the combination with a combustion chamber provided with an opening, of rotary means for controlling the effective area of said opening, and means responsive to radiant energy for controlling said rotary means.

3. In a smoke producer, the combination with a combustion chamber provided with an inlet for air and with a burner for prosai ducing combustion within said'chamber, of means responsive to radiant energy for controlling said inlet.

4. In a smoke producer, the combination with a chamber provided with an inlet for air and with means for producing combustion, of a rotary? damper controlling said inlet, and means res onsive to radiant energy for rotating sai damper to control the flow of air through said inlet and consequently the amount of combustion within said chamber.

5. In'a smoke producer, the combination with a combustion chamber, of means for producing combustion within said chamber,

rotary means for controlling the amount of smoke produced in said chamber, and means res onsive to radiant energy for controlling rotary means.

6. In a smoke producer, the combination with a combustion chamber, of means res onsive to radiant energy for controlling t e production of smoke within said cham-. her, said means including a rotary member movable within said chamber to control combustion.

7. The combination with .a. combustion chamber, of means for controlling the roduction of smoke in said chamber inc uding a reciprocatory rack, means responsive to radiant, energy for movin said rack in one direction, and a segmenta gear arranged to be actuated by said rack, and means arranged to be oscillated by said gear to control the production of smoke within said chamber.

8' ed at New York, in the county of New ork and State of New York, this 9th day: of October A. D. 1917.

JOHN HAYS HAWOND, Ja. 

